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How is leukemia developed and its warning signs

leukemia
People often confuse leukemia with blood disorder whereas it is a type of blood cancer that is caused due to the rise in the number of white blood cells in the body. Leukemia is common among the types of blood cancer. In case of leukemia the number of white blood cells increases at a faster rate so much so that it crowds out the red blood cells and the platelets that are required in more amounts in the blood. In order to perform various functions of the body and in order to stay healthy the basic concentration of cells in the body must remain the same. In blood the concentration platelets are in the highest amount and it is required to maintain the fluidity of the blood and helps in transportation whereas red blood cells help in transporting oxygen in the entire body. While white blood cells are basically required in order to fight against diseases and infections in the body therefore the amount of white blood cells required by the body is comparatively lower as compared to red blood cells and the platelets. When the amount of white blood cells increases in such cases it causes a lot of destruction in the bodily functions and it starts attacking other cells of the body. Symptoms: People suffering from leukemia show a wide range of symptoms that depends upon person to person and the severity of their condition. Further, the symptom depends upon the rate of spread of the cancer and the type of blood cancer the person has. Some of the symptoms of leukemia might include:
  • Fatigue
  • Weakness
  • Headache
  • Vomiting
  • Infection
  • Fever or chills
  • Pain in the bones or joints
  • Sudden weight loss
  • Breathlessness
  • Seizures
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Swollen spleen
  • Night sweats
  • Excruciating pain in the body
  • Easy bruising
  • Easy bleeding
How is leukemia developed? Bone marrow is a soft spongy tissue that is present in the bones and all the different types of blood cells are produced in it that helps in proper and healthy functioning of the body. The different types of blood cells that are produced in bone marrow are red blood cells whose basic function is to carry oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body. White blood cells whose basic function is to fight against diseases and infection and blood platelets whose function is to maintain the fluidity of the blood and it also helps in blood clotting. Leukemia affects bone marrow, where all the blood cells are produced therefore it affects the entire function of the body. The blood cells in the bone marrow are basically stem cells that undergo a lot of developmental stages in order to grow in their original form. The blood cells that are growing and following their normal stem cell cycle are disrupted as  a result the white blood cells rapidly multiply and grow out of control which is not normal. The abnormal cell multiplication develops leukemia cells that take over the cell division and get accumulated in the spaces that are present in the bone marrow. These abnormal cells continue to grow and harm other cells as well. As a result, the normal red blood cells and the platelets have a very little space to grow and most of the space is occupied by the cancerous cells. Since, the normal red blood cells, normal white blood cells and platelets are less in the body therefore the oxygen supplied to the body is very low and the body is not able to fight against any infection or perform its regular function. Further, the treatment for leukemia depends upon the type of leukemia and the spread of that cancer and the condition of the person is.  Generally, blood cancer doctors in Jaipur use chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy as different treatment options depending upon the condition of the patient.  Further, in the worst case scenario where the spread of the cancer is enormous in such cases bone marrow transplant is highly recommended by the best cancer hospital in Jodhpur.  Bhagwan Mahaveer cancer hospital and research center is among the best Oncology Hospitals in Rajasthan that specializes in various forms of cancer. For any cancer related query contact us for expert assistance.
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Different types of blood cancer and its treatment

blood cancer

Blood is responsible for the transportation of important nutrients, vitamins, minerals and transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and much more. Blood cancer is one of the most dangerous types of cancer as it affects the entire circulatory system of the body. Blood cancer usually affects the blood cells and the bone marrow. In blood cancer, the cell cycles get disrupted and the cell continues to grow without stopping that causing the cells to be cancerous. Cancer changes the DNA of the cell that changes the entire function of the blood and the behavior of blood cells behave that further disrupts their working and function.

There are three types of cells present in the blood

White blood cells help in fighting against diseases and it is a huge part of our immune system.

Red blood cells are responsible for the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the body. It has hemoglobin that is responsible to transport oxygen to the entire body.

Platelets account for most of the part of the blood which helps in blood clotting whenever there is an injury.

Blood cancer is also known as hematologic cancer it begins in the bone marrow which is a place where the blood is produced. In the case of blood cancer, the abnormal cells start growing out of control interrupting the functions of blood. The infected blood cells infect the nearby healthy cells and the new cell produced are also produced cancerous that increasing the production of new blood cells that disrupts the entire function of the body.

Symptoms of blood cancer:

Usually, there are some early signs and symptoms that our body tells as a warning sign. According to the doctors of the best cancer hospital in Jaipur, it is necessary that the warning signs are noted timely, and appropriate help must be taken with initial warning signs. As early detection of any disease especially cancer helps in providing better treatment options. Some of the symptoms might include:

• Fever • Fatigue • Weakness • Loss of appetite • Nausea • Sudden weight loss • Abdominal discomfort • Headache • Breathlessness • Joint pain • Skin rashes • Frequently infection • Excruciating pain in the body • Swelling of lymph nodes

Different Types of blood cancers

There are three different major types of blood cancer that includes leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma. Cancer occurs in the bone marrow and affects and affects the lymphatic system required to make blood

Leukemia

Leukemia is a type of blood cancer that affects white blood cells that are produced in huge amounts but they are unable to fight infections. There are four major types of leukemia that includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia. White blood cells which are called the Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and cancer in that area spreads too quickly that hampers the entire lymphatic system.

Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system that includes lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland. The blood vessels store and carry blood vessels that fight against diseases that are affected by this type of cancer. There are two types of lymphoma Hodgkin’s lymphoma that begin in the immune system that affects b-lymphocytes that responsible for making antibodies that first against diseases and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that affects the B cells and T cells and it is more common than Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Myeloma

This type of cancer of affects plasma cells present in the bone marrow. Plasma is a type of white blood cell that is responsible for making antibodies. In Myeloma, cancer spreads through bone marrow and damages the healthy blood cells too. It also affects the production of antibodies and people above the age of 50 are at greater risk of having Myeloma.

Bhagwan Mahaveer cancer hospital and research center have is among the best oncology hospital in Rajasthan. Our hospital is recognized as the best blood cancer treatment hospital in Rajasthan. For any query related to brain cancer contact Bhagwan Mahaveer cancer hospital and research center for expert assistance.

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Spinal cancer and spinal tumors

Spinal cancer

Neuro-oncology is the branch of science that comprises the brain and spinal cord neoplasm that give rise to many life-threatening diseases. A spinal tumor is one such disease that could be life-threatening. A spinal tumor is the abnormal growth of cells that begin in the tissue of the spine; it can start anywhere in the spine. There are various types of spinal tumors but not all of them are dangerous. Some are benign that are not dangerous and some are malignant that might be life-threatening in some cases. Primary and metastatic spinal tumors are the most basic type of tumors that originate in the spinal cord. Primary Spinal Tumor is rare and non-cancerous (benign) and only a small percentage of people suffer from it whereas Metastatic Spinal Tumors are cancerous (malignant) and spread to the spine from other areas of the body. The tumor in this case spread very fast and over 70 percent of people suffer from it. Cancer that commonly spreads to the spinal cord includes lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer.

The spinal cord is not a single entity and it is made up of several vertebral columns and different types of tissues such as in the neck, pelvic and back. Tumors can develop in any part of the spine and at any layer of the tissue. Some of the tissue where tumor or cancer develops include:

Cartilage protecting the spine

Spinal vertebrae and their bone marrow

The spinal disc that cushions the vertebral columns

Blood vessels that carry nutrients to the spinal cord

Peripheral nerves

Spinal cord

Symptoms:

• Excruciating pain in the back • Stiffness in neck or back • Unable to maintain body balance • Paralysis • Scoliosis (spinal deformity caused by the tumor) • Numbness in legs, hands, and other parts of the body • Less sensitivity toward cold and heat • Fatigue

Diagnosis

Based on the signs and symptoms of the patient, the best oncologist in Jaipur generally first examines the patient physically. Further, based on their observation, they recommends certain tests such as

Computed tomography: CT scan or computed tomography is a diagnostic test in which the image shows the size and the shape of the spinal cord in order to visualize the spread of the tumor

X-ray: X-ray helps to show the picture of the spine or the vertebral column to see the joints and cartilages. X-rays are not very detailed and do not correctly diagnose the tumor.

MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging or MRI is another diagnostic test used to diagnose the tumor or cancerous cells as it produces a three-dimensional image of the spine that helps in proper visualization of every part of the spine. The doctors are even able to see the vertebrae, nerves, and surrounding areas.

Biopsy: When the other diagnostic tests are not enough for a conclusion about the tumor then in that case a biopsy is done to get the confirmation. In this, a sample is taken from the bone through a syringe and it is sent to a laboratory where the cells are closely observed in order to see if the cells are cancerous or not.

Treatment:

Chemotherapy: In Chemotherapy certain chemical drugs or combinations of drugs are used in order to kill the cancerous cells.

Radiation Therapy: In Radiation Therapy, the doctor uses radiation to kill cancerous cells or the tumor area.

Surgical procedure: In some cases, surgical procedures are used in order to remove the tumor completely. In this, the section or part where the tumor originates is surgically removed along with surrounding bones and tissues so that there are no chances of any remains of cancerous cells. It is a complicated procedure and doctors who are specialized to perform such intense procedures should be consulted as to any negligence during the surgery that might cause permanent damage or cause paralysis. Therefore, do your research and go for the best doctor for consultation and treatment.

Bhagwan Mahaveer cancer hospital and research center have one of the best cancer hospital in Jaipur. We have a team of the best Neuro-oncology specialist in Jaipur who are always available in case of any emergency or query.